Changing engine oil is essential to maintaining the life of your beloved motorcycle. If you don’t consistently check the oil level and change the oil when it gets old or dirty, the lifespan of the motor is severely shortened.
Let’s get started.
How Often You Need To Change Motorcycle Oil
Most riders will ask the question, “How often do I need to change the motorcycle engine oil?” at least once. The answer depends on the make/model of your bike (we’ll be discussed a Yamaha YZF-R6), the type of oil you used, and how often you ride.
If you used a mineral-based engine oil (the simplest, cheapest kind), then you should change the engine every 2,000 miles if you’re riding frequently. If you don’t ride regularly, you can change your oil at least twice a year.
When using a semi-synthetic engine oil, change the oil once every 5,000-6,000 miles.
Lastly, if you use a fully-synthetic engine oil, change the oil after 7,000-10,000 miles.
Semi- and fully-synthetic motor oils are more expensive than mineral-based engine oil, but the plus side is that they last much longer. The only time when you might have to change before the recommended mileage, regardless of the motor oil type, is if you are riding your bike every single day or you commute a great distance frequently.
Yamaha YZF-R6 Oil Change Instructions
You can find the following information in the owner’s manual of your Yamaha YZF-R6. If you don’t have this specific Yamaha model, it’s recommended you find the specific instructions for your make and model, as the steps could be different.
- Checking the engine oil level:
- Put the motorcycle on a level surface and hold it in an upright position, as straight as possible. Slight tilts could result in a false read.
- Start the engine. Let the oil warm up for several minutes.
- Turn the motorcycle off again.
- Wait for the oil to settle. This may take a few minutes.
- Remove the engine oil dipstick. Wipe it clean with a cloth then insert the stick back into the fuel reservoir. Take a moment to look at the maximum and minimum oil level lines before testing if you’re not familiar with it. Don’t screw the stick in. Remove it again to get your reading.
- If the engine oil level is at or below the minimum level, remove the engine filler cap and add a sufficient amount of oil to get the level to the recommended spot.
- Insert then tighten the engine oil dipstick. Afterwards, install and tighten the oil filler cap.
During this stage of your oil check, you might find that you need to change the oil completely.
How To Tell If You Need An Oil Change
The normal color of oil is transparent, brownish, maybe even slightly black. When oil is “clean,” it works best for protecting and keeping the engine clean.
Now, “dirty” oil is when the water consistency is lost. It feels slightly gritty when rubbed between your fingers. The color will be darker, if not completely black, and it will have lost it’s transparency.
You might also notice that the engine is making bizarre noises when the oil is dirty. All these signs point to needing an oil change.
How to change engine oil on a Yamaha YZF-R6:
- Put the motorcycle on a level surface.
- Removing the cowling.
- Start the engine for several minutes. Once warmed, turn the bike off.
- Place an oil pan under the engine to collect used oil.
- Remove the engine oil filler cap, the engine oil drain bolt, and lastly the gasket to drain the oil from the crankcase.
- Once the oil is drained completely, replace the gasket and bolt, fill the tank to the recommended level, and then replace the engine oil filler cap.
When To Change The Oil Filter
Change the filter every time you change the oil or once every 2,000 to 3,000 miles if you’re using synthetic motor oil. You don’t want to ride around with a dirty, old oil filter because it traps any dirt, dust, debris, metal, and sludge that would otherwise harm your engine.
Not a frequent rider? Again, change your oil at least twice a year and pair that with a filter change.
Conclusion
To wrap everything up, frequent riders will need to change their oil more often than those who ride once in a while. The quality of the motor oil changes the mileage for oil changes, and synthetic oils will have the longest life. Make sure to check the oil level and consistency often so you can protect the engine and preserve the life of your ride.
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The Art of Cornering on a Sportbike
Cornering is an essential skill for sportbike riders, and it requires a combination of physical and mental techniques to be executed effectively. From maintaining control in a lean to anticipating turns and navigating curves, cornering is an art that requires practice, patience, and confidence. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the fundamentals of cornering on a sportbike and provide tips and tricks to help you become a more confident and skilled rider.
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Understanding the Physics of Cornering
The key to effective cornering on a sportbike is understanding the physics behind the maneuver. When you enter a turn, the centrifugal force of the turn pushes the bike away from the center of the turn, and the suspension compresses, causing the bike to lean in the direction of the turn. Maintaining control in a lean requires balancing the force of gravity, which tries to pull the bike down, with the centrifugal force, which tries to push the bike out.
By understanding the physics of cornering, you can gain a better appreciation for the forces acting on your bike and the techniques required to counterbalance these forces. For example, you can use your body weight to shift in the direction of the turn, which helps to balance the forces acting on the bike and maintain stability and control in a lean.
The physics of cornering on a sportbike involves a complex interplay between the forces of gravity, friction, and centripetal force. When a rider enters a turn, gravity pulls the bike towards the center of the turn, creating a natural tendency to lean into the turn. To counteract this gravitational pull and maintain balance, the rider must apply a countervailing force known as centripetal force. This force is generated by leaning the bike into the turn and applying a slight amount of pressure to the inside handlebar.
The amount of lean required to maintain balance in a turn is largely dependent on the speed of the bike and the radius of the turn. The faster the bike is moving, the more lean is required to maintain control. Conversely, the tighter the turn, the more lean is required. To achieve the optimal balance between speed and lean, riders must coordinate their inputs to the handlebars, throttle, and brakes.
Friction also plays an important role in the physics of cornering. The tires on a sportbike are designed to provide a high level of grip and traction, allowing the rider to carve through turns with confidence. However, this grip can be easily compromised by factors such as road surface, tire wear, and weather conditions. To maximize traction and grip, it is important to maintain the correct tire pressure and keep the tires in good condition, as well as adapting your riding style to the conditions of the road.
By understanding the physics of cornering, riders can develop a deeper appreciation for the dynamics of their sportbike and the techniques required to maintain control and stability in turns. With this knowledge, riders can make more informed decisions about their riding technique and make the necessary adjustments to their speed, trajectory, and body position to ensure a safe and enjoyable riding experience.
Body Position and Control
Effective cornering on a sportbike requires proper body position and control. To maintain balance and control in a lean, you need to keep your weight centered over the bike and use your body to counterbalance the forces acting on the bike. Your inside hand should grip the handlebars firmly, while your outside hand should be relaxed and ready to make adjustments. Your inside knee should be tucked into the tank, and your outside foot should be positioned on the peg for stability.
Maintaining proper body position and control is essential for effective cornering, as it allows you to respond quickly and effectively to changes in the road and the forces acting on the bike. By keeping your weight centered over the bike, you can maintain balance and control, and by using your body to counterbalance the forces acting on the bike, you can prevent the bike from tipping over in a turn.
Body position and control are critical components of effective cornering on a sportbike. Proper body position allows the rider to maintain balance and control over the bike, while also improving visibility and stability. The key elements of proper body position include:
- Lean Angle: The rider’s lean angle should be adjusted to match the speed and radius of the turn. As the speed increases or the turn tightens, the lean angle should increase accordingly. Riders should aim to maintain a smooth and gradual lean, avoiding sudden or excessive movements that can upset the balance of the bike.
- Weight Distribution: The rider’s weight should be shifted towards the inside of the turn, helping to counteract the gravitational pull towards the center of the turn. This can be achieved by shifting the rider’s body weight to the inside footpeg, while maintaining a firm grip on the handlebars.
- Upper Body: The rider’s upper body should be kept as relaxed and upright as possible, avoiding any unnecessary movements that can affect the balance of the bike. The rider should maintain a firm grip on the handlebars, using a light touch to control the bike’s movements.
- Lower Body: The rider’s lower body should be kept as still and relaxed as possible, avoiding any unnecessary movements that can affect the stability of the bike. The rider should maintain a firm grip on the footpegs, using their knees to grip the tank and maintain control over the bike.
By maintaining proper body position and control, riders can ensure a smoother and more stable ride, improving their ability to negotiate turns and respond to changing road conditions. However, it is important to note that body position and control should be adapted to the conditions of the road and the rider’s personal comfort and preference. With practice and experience, riders can develop a more refined and personalised approach to body position and control, improving their cornering skills and overall riding experience.
Braking and Acceleration Techniques
The timing and technique of braking and acceleration play a critical role in effective cornering on a sportbike. As you approach a turn, you should reduce your speed by applying the brakes smoothly and progressively. After entering the turn, you should ease off the brakes and maintain a constant speed, using the throttle as needed to maintain balance and control. As you exit the turn, you should smoothly apply the throttle to accelerate out of the turn and onto the straightaway.
Effective braking and acceleration techniques are essential for maintaining control and stability in a turn. By reducing your speed before entering a turn, you can reduce the forces acting on the bike and maintain control in a lean. By easing off the brakes after entering the turn, you can maintain a constant speed and use the throttle as needed to maintain balance and control. And by accelerating smoothly out of the turn, you can build up speed and exit the turn with confidence.
Braking and acceleration techniques are crucial components of effective cornering on a sportbike. These techniques allow the rider to control the speed and trajectory of the bike, improving stability and confidence in turns. The key principles of braking and acceleration techniques include:
- Braking: Braking should be performed as smoothly and progressively as possible, avoiding any sudden or jerky movements. The rider should aim to maintain a consistent speed throughout the turn, avoiding any sudden changes in speed that can affect stability. When braking, the rider should apply the front brake first, followed by the rear brake, adjusting the amount of pressure applied to each brake to suit the conditions of the road and the speed of the bike.
- Acceleration: Acceleration should be performed smoothly and progressively, avoiding any sudden or excessive changes in speed. The rider should aim to maintain a consistent speed throughout the turn, avoiding any sudden changes in speed that can affect stability. When accelerating, the rider should use the throttle to control the speed of the bike, adjusting the amount of throttle applied to suit the conditions of the road and the speed of the bike.
By combining proper braking and acceleration techniques with proper body position and control, riders can achieve a smoother and more stable ride, improving their ability to negotiate turns and respond to changing road conditions. However, it is important to note that braking and acceleration techniques should be adapted to the conditions of the road and the rider’s personal comfort and preference. With practice and experience, riders can develop a more refined and personalized approach to braking and acceleration, improving their cornering skills and overall riding experience.
Look Ahead and Anticipate Turns
Effective cornering on a sportbike requires you to look ahead and anticipate turns well in advance. By keeping your gaze fixed on the road ahead, you can spot obstacles and make necessary adjustments to your speed and trajectory. You should also scan the road for hazards, such as gravel, potholes, or wet spots, and avoid them whenever possible.
Looking ahead and anticipating turns is a critical component of effective cornering on a sportbike. By looking ahead and anticipating turns, riders can improve their visibility, reaction time, and stability, allowing them to negotiate turns with greater confidence and control. The key principles of look ahead and anticipating turns include:
- Look Ahead: Riders should keep their gaze focused on the road ahead, looking several seconds ahead of the bike to anticipate turns and other road hazards. This allows the rider to react in a timely manner, avoiding any sudden or unexpected movements that can affect stability.
- Anticipate Turns: Riders should anticipate turns by scanning the road ahead for any changes in direction or road conditions. This allows the rider to prepare for the turn in advance, adjusting their speed, body position, and control accordingly.
- Plan Your Line: Riders should plan their line through the turn, anticipating the path of the bike and the trajectory of the turn. This allows the rider to negotiate the turn with greater control and stability, improving their ability to maintain a consistent speed and line.
By combining proper look ahead and anticipating turns with proper body position and control, riders can achieve a smoother and more stable ride, improving their ability to negotiate turns and respond to changing road conditions. However, it is important to note that look ahead and anticipating turns should be adapted to the conditions of the road and the rider’s personal comfort and preference. With practice and experience, riders can develop a more refined and personalised approach to look ahead and anticipating turns, improving their cornering skills and overall riding experience.
Practice and Refine Your Techniques
Effective cornering on a sportbike requires practice, patience, and confidence. While it may take some time to develop the skills and techniques required to corner with confidence, with practice and refinement, you can become a more skilled and confident rider. To improve your cornering skills, consider practicing on a safe and controlled environment, such as a track day or a closed course. You can also seek feedback from more experienced riders and instructors to help refine your techniques and identify areas for improvement.
Conclusion
Cornering is an essential skill for sportbike riders, and it requires a combination of physical and mental techniques to be executed effectively. From understanding the physics of cornering to maintaining proper body position and control, braking and acceleration techniques, and looking ahead and anticipating turns, there are many factors that contribute to effective cornering on a sportbike. With practice, patience, and confidence, you can develop the skills and techniques required to corner with confidence and enjoy a safer and more enjoyable riding experience.
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Beginner’s Guide To Shifting Gears On A Motorcycle
An underrated aspect of learning how to ride a motorcycle goes beyond turning and popping wheelies. No, it’s something seemingly much more simple than that. Do you shift? Sure, shifting gears should be easy, because it’s a basic function; but shifting gear does have a layer of complexity that beginning cyclists could have problems mastering right away.
Here’s everything you need to know about shifting gears on a motorcycle.Motorcycle Gears Basics
The three basic controls are ones that you might already know—the throttle, the clutch, and the gear selector. You use the throttle to rev the engine, the clutch to engage and disengage the brakes (transmission), and to select gears. For instance, if you pull the left hand clutch towards you, the engine revs without ever moving the bike.
The gear pattern can be clicked through by using the gear selector lever and is moved by your left foot. Most bikes have the following gears, starting with the lowest first:
• First gear
• Neutral
• Second gear
• Third gear
• Fourth gear
• Fifth gear
• Sixth gear (depending on the bike)
As you can see, shifting fears is sequential. Up or down, neutral (N) is always put between 1st and 2nd gear.Technique For Motorcycle Shifting
It’s best to learn the proper technique required to maneuver through shifting gears before learning how to do anything else.
Steps of the proper shifting technique:- Disengage the clutch. Use your left hand to pull it towards you.
- Select the correct gear by using your left food on the shifting lever.
- Slightly rev the engine if shifting up.
- Gradually release the clutch. Don’t pop it.
- Feather the throttle while releasing the clutch to accelerate smoothly.
- Continue revving if you which to switch to another gear in succession. Otherwise, find a nice cruising speed to maintain.
Shifting With Sound and Feel
Have you ever heard wailing motorcycle engines on the road? You’ve probably thought to yourself, “Is that rider even shifting?” That’s you using the basic rule of sound. In basic terms, if an engine starts to scream, you shift to an upper gear. If the engine starts to grumble, then shift the engine lower.
There a many methods to help you do this properly. Beginners should only focus on the simplest method. Afterwards, you can experiment.
Start off by riding in first gear. Try to sense to point when you need to switch to second gear. This means the engine isn’t yet screaming, but you are feeling the natural inclination to gain more speed. The clutch will disengage easily.
Should the engine start to scream, this means you’ve hit the red line, otherwise known as the built-in limiter. The limiter is placed in the engine to ensure the bike doesn’t overextend itself and burn up.
If you shift a gear up too soon, the bike could stall or choke. Restart the bike. Try again. Keep working through the gears until you can hear and feel when it is time to gear up.Shifting Smoothly
You will notice that there’s no mathematical equation to figure out the “when” behind shifting. Every bike has a unique behavior that depends on how you handle it. For instance, if the bike jerks when you release the clutch, you’re being too abrupt. If the bike tends to lurch during shifts, you’re applying too much throttle. If the motorcycle’s speed dips during shifting, you need to rev the engine more between gear changes. Pay attention to the clutch, throttle, and gear selector, because these all interact and are dependent on one another.
Mechanics of Movement
Let’s back-up for a moment. Now that you have this idea in your mind that you need to listen and feel and understand with muscle memory what to do when shifting, it’s time to talk about what is happening inside the bike while you’re doing the actions.
The clutch is the first thing you touch when it’s time to shift gears, unless you have an automatic motorcycle or a quick shift. Once the clutch is engaged, meaning the lever is out and power is send to the rear tie, little springs press on the clutch plate that connect the primary drive to the part that rotates from the pistons going up and down.
When you pull the lever, the plate separates and releases the connection to the motor. In this moment, you can change gears.
That’s when you take your foot and move the gear selector. On the gear selector is a piece called a collar that has “dogs.” This dogs mesh together with the fork in the same way you interlace your fingers. When you move your foot up and down on the selector, the dogs and fork connect to help change the gear. Then, you find the right gear and accelerate.
Keep this in mind while reading the next two sections about upshifting and downshifting.Upshifting
Most of this article has been devoted to upshifting. Upshifting is easier than downshifting, because you are accelerating. This means that if you do any of the steps of shifting a little too quick, there’s less of an impact. Of course, this could result in a sudden jolt of power to the rear wheel, causing the front tire to come off the ground.
(Note: You should only practice stunts in a controlled environment and when you have gained enough experience.)Downshifting
On the opposite end of upshifting is downshifting, which tends to go a little less smoothly. If you release the clutch too quickly while downshifting, the sudden downward change can cause the gear to slow down the rear tire, compressing the front end, and causing a lack of traction in the back end. You need to be able to control the release of the clutch.
Be careful when rounding corners and decreasing your gears for this reason. You don’t want to suddenly lose traction right when you need more grip on the asphalt. That could cause the bike to skid to the side.False Neutral
When downshifting, you could accidentally hit a false neutral. This can happen anywhere there shouldn’t be a neutral, including between 3rd and 4th or 4th and 5th and so on. This could happen if the dogs don’t connect with the fork when selecting gears. There is power loss to the rear wheel.
If you end up in a false neutral, pull on the clutch, and put the bike into a higher gear. You can prevent excessive damage to the bike. Be quick and make sure you move into the correct once you get out of false neutral.
With that, you should be able to master the basics of shifting. Practice the timing of the clutch release and working with the gear selector for a bit. You will soon be able to shift between gears like someone who has been riding for many years.
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How To Push Start A Motorcycle
Any serious motorcyclist will know the essentials, like wearing appropriate safety gear, proper riding position, turning mechanisms, and how to do a push start. Wait, you don’t know how to clutch start a motorcycle? What happens if you can’t start the motor with the switch? Good thing you’re here. In just a few steps, you can learn how to effectively push start a motorcycle and get riding in no time.
Before You Push Start
There are a few things to keep in mind if you plan on push starting (also called bump starting and clutch starting) your bike. First, push starting isn’t the ideal method, and it sometimes doesn’t work.
Next, if your motorcycle isn’t starting, check some things that sometimes prevent a motorcycle from starting:
- Ignition kill switch – make sure the kill switch is set to the STOP position.
- Fuel level – your fuel gauge could be faulty, so pop the cap and check to make sure you’re not running on E.
- Fuel petcock – if you have a non-EFI bike, make sure the fuel tap petcock is OFF.
- Kickstand – some bikes have an added safety feature that prevents it from starting if the kickstand is down.
- Gear set in neutral – if the gear is engaged, the bike will refuse to start. Do a double-check.
If none of these apply to your situation, then it’s time to push start your bike.
How To Push Start
Follow these steps in the order listed.
Find A Hill
While you could get a few friends to push your motorcycle, you’re not always going to be traveling in a group. When that happens, you need to find yourself a hill. Steep slopes help you get to the proper speed to bypass the start system.
On a flat road? Don’t despair. If you can push the bike at a reasonable speed then jump on and release the clutch, you can still do a push start.
Engage 2nd or 3rd Gear
A lesser known trick to a successful push start is to avoid 1st gear and go straight to 2nd or 3rd gear. Avoid 1st gear entirely if your bike as a high compression engine.
The reason why skipping 1st gear is important is because you could potentially lock the rear tire, which would result in a crash.
Clutch, Release, and Start
Start moving down the hill to get speed while holding the clutch. As you start to gain momentum, release the clutch and press the start button in a seamless motion. Quickly apply some throttle, and the motorcycle should start. As soon as the bike is roaring, engage the clutch.
It’s important to stay in full control of the motorcycle. Please do this as far from traffic as possible, just in case you end up swerving.
If this doesn’t work on the first try, don’t give up. Stop. Reset yourself, and repeat the first three steps again.
Rev That Engine
This is the final step—the most integral. If you don’t immediately rev the engine, the motorcycle will die again. Stay focused.
Depress the clutch slightly and moderately rev the engine. Don’t let it scream. Keep the revving slightly high so the motor doesn’t choke down. The worse case scenario if you don’t rev the motor is that the bike will die, and you don’t want that—especially since you’ll still be rolling down a hill.
Optionally, once you have the engine running, you can switch to neutral and apply the brakes while revving the engine. This will help you stay focused on keeping the engine from choking. This works best if the motorcycle is cold.
Get Riding
Once the engine has warmed up, do a quick ride to make sure everything is working as it should. Remember that your safety is the most important thing when push starting a motorcycle. Be sure to practice the push starting methods a few times before attempting it for real out on the road. You should be wearing protective gear and be away from traffic. If not, you could seriously hurt yourself and others.
That wraps up how to push start a motorcycle. Just follow the steps that have been outlined, commit to safety, and you will soon be push starting like the pros!
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